Type 1 Diabetes Prognosis And Pathophysiology

Understanding Diabetes Mellitus

The Disease Of Diabetes Mellitus That. Definition of diabetes mellitus is a disease caused by the lack or reduced effectiveness of endogenous insulin is characterized by byhyperglycemia.

Type 1 Diabetes Prognosis And Pathophysiology

Diabetes mellitus refers to a group of disorders that affect how the body uses blood sugar (glucose). Glucose is very important for health as an important source of energy for the cells that make up the muscles and tissues.

Types of diabetes mellitus

The type of the disease of diabetes mellitus is:

-Diabetes mellitus type 1: is the result of the body's failure to produce insulin, commonly referred to as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus because it requires additional insulin injections for survival.

• Diabetes mellitus type 2: is the result of resistance to insulin.
• Gestational diabetes: this occurs in pregnant women who have not had a history of diabetes, but suffered high blood glucose levels during pregnancy, usually continues with the risk of diabetes mellitus type 2.
• Diabetes type 2 young (Mody): is a rare form of diabetes with defect of pancreatic beta cell function monogenetik (impaired insulin secretion), is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant 

What happened to the body of sufferers of diabetes mellitus?

The body is made up of millions of cells. All cells need glucose (sugar) from the food we eat for energy. Just like a car cannot run if without fuel, as well as the body cannot work without glucose.

Insulin is a "key" that allows glucose to enter the cells. Without this key, glucose remains in the blood stream and the cells cannot use it for energy.

In people with diabetes mellitus, food is broken down as General, but due to the body's insulin deficiency even no insulin at all or the insulin doesn't work, excess glucose can not be saved, but will accumulate in the flowing blood. When the glucose rises above a certain level, the rest will be dumped into the urine through the kidneys.

The liver also plays a dual role in food processing. Hearts change simple chemicals into a compound substance and then stored for reuse.

This process is controlled by insulin, too. However, in people with diabetes mellitus, insulin does not work properly so that negates the process of breakdown of carbohydrates into energy and food to cells.

The pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes

Type 1 diabetes due to autoimmune disorders which cause damage to the beta cells of the pancreas gradually, causing an absolute insulin deficiency.

In this condition the immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. Autoimmune conditions on the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes occurs in which the body attacks the pancreatic cells that healthy lead to lymphoblastic infiltration and destruction of the pancreatic islets.

The destruction of the pancreas is time consuming and gradual, but the incidence of this disease more quickly and can occur for a few days to weeks.

There may be other autoimmune conditions associated with vitiligo, including pathophysiology and hypothyroidism. Type 1 diabetes always needs insulin therapy through injections, and the body would not respond to the insulin oral medications.

The pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes

The relative insulin deficiency due to conditions but not absolute underlying the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. The condition is that the body is no longer able to produce enough insulin to meet the body's glucose metabolism needs. There is a lack of pancreatic Beta cells that supplies of insulin, combined with peripheral insulin resistance.

Peripheral insulin resistance means that insulin levels are adequate enough though,but no hypoglycemia or low blood sugar. This may be due to the change of insulin receptors that influence insulin activity. Obesity is a cause of insulin resistance. In most cases, patients have to take insulin injections when oral medication fails to stimulate the release of insulin.

Insulin resistance also appears in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. In addition, the manifestation of the liver improves insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes is a disease disease non-alk0hol fatty liver (NAFLD – nonalcoh0lic fatty liver disease) which is defined as an excess of fat in the liver that is not causing the use of alk0hol. NAFLD can cause inflammation of the liver and even cirrhosis.

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The prognosis of the disease diabetes mellitus type 1

Some patients with type 1 diabetes have a reasonably good health ,but there is an increased risk of blindness, kidney failure, heart disease, and there are some cases of premature death occur. Control blood sugar, blood fat, blood pressure and body weight are an important prognostic factor.

The prognosis of the disease of diabetes mellitus type2

More 75% of type 2 diabetes patients will die of heart disease and 15% due to stroke. The rate of death from heart disease and stroke up to 5 times higher in persons with diabetes mellitus than non-diabetics.

The prognosis for all types of diabetes

Diabetes control is bad is a major cause of diabetes mellitus complications, such as heart disease and stroke. Retinopathy diabetes complications such as cataracts and glaucoma is more common in diabetic patients.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy in diabetes patients often occurs where occur the damage nerve endings, especially in the legs, this lowers the sensitive. Bad blood circulation in the feet contributed to a difficult wound healed.

Loss of taste, sensitivity comes along with diabetes complications, resulting in minor injuries such as blisters easily infected that is difficult to treat. In cases of severe infection, tissue breaks down and becomes easy to rot. Serious consequences were amputation to prevent infection threatening broader patient.

Heart disease and kidney disorders are a common complication of diabetes mellitus. Long-term complications in the kidneys may need dialysis or transplantation to washing the blood of kidney failure. Babies born to diabetic mothers are pregnant have an increased risk of birth defects (spina bifida, makrosomia, etc.) and the risk of premature birth.

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